Dr. Rafe Sagarin was a marine ecologist at the University of Arizona’s Biosphere 2 where he was leading a project to create a living model of the Gulf of California. His two recent books are Learning from the Octopus: How Secrets from Nature Can Help Us Fight Terrorism, Natural Disasters, and Disease (Basic Books) and Observation and Ecology: Broadening the Scope of Science to Understand a Complex World (Island Press).